Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Essay Example for Free

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Essay Known as Netaji (leader), Mr. Bose was a fierce and popular leader in the political scene in pre-independence India . He was the president of the Indian National Congress in 1937 and 1939, and founded a nationalist force called the Indian National Army. He was acclaimed as a semigod, akin to the many mythological heroes like Rama or Krishna, and continues as a legend in Indian mind. Subhas Chandra was born on January 23rd 1897 in Cuttack (in present day Orissa) as the ninth child among fourteen, of Janakinath Bose, an advocate, and Prabhavatidevi, a pious and God-fearing lady. A brilliant student, he topped the matriculation examination of Calcutta province and passed his B. A. in Philosophy from the Presidency College in Calcutta. He was strongly influenced by Swami Vivekanandas teachings and was known for his patriotic zeal as a student. His parents wishes kept him away from the Indian freedom struggle and led him into studies for the Indian Civil Service in England. Although he finished those examinations also at the top of his class (4th), he could not complete his aprecentship and returned to India, being deeply disturbed by the Jallianwalla Bagh massacre. He came under the influence of Mahatma Gandhi and joined the Indian National Congress (a. k. a. Congress). Gandhiji directed him to work with Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das, the Bengali leader whom Bose acknowledged as his political guru. Bose was outspoken in his anti-British stance and was jailed 11 (eleven) times between 1920 and 1941 for periods varying between six months and three years. He was the leader of the youth wing of the Congress Party, in the forefront of the trade union movement in India and organized Service League, another wing of Congress. He was admired for his great skills in organization development . The Influence of Bose Bose advocated complete freedom for India at the earliest, whereas the Congress Committee wanted it in phases, through a Dominion status. Other younger leaders including Jawaharlal Nehru supported Bose and finally at the historic Lahore Congress convention, the Congress had to adopt Poorna Swaraj (complete freedom) as its motto. Bhagat Singhs martyrdom and the inability of the Congress leaders to save his life infuriated Bose and he started a movement opposing the Gandhi-Irvin Peace Pact. He was imprisoned and expelled from India. But defying the ban, he came back to India and was imprisoned again! Clouds of World War II were gathering fast and Bose warned the Indian people and the British against dragging India into the war and the material losses she could incur. He was elected president of the Indian National Congress twice in 1937 and in 1939, the second time defeating Gandhijis nominee. He brought a resolution to give the British six months to hand India over to the Indians, failing which there would be a revolt. There was much opposition to his rigid stand, and he resigned from the post of president and formed a progressive group known as the Forward Block (1939). The second World War broke out in September of 1939, and just as predicted by Bose, India was declared as a warring state (on behalf of the British) by the Governor General, without consulting Indian leaders. The Congress party was in power in seven major states and all state governments resigned in protest. Subhas Chandra Bose now started a mass movement against utilizing Indian resources and men for the great war. To him, it made no sense to further bleed poor Indians for the sake of colonial and imperial nations. There was a tremendous response to his call and the British promptly imprisoned him . He took to a hunger-strike, and after his health deteriorated on the 11th day of fasting, he was freed and was placed under house arrest. The British were afraid of violent reactions in India, should something happen to Bose in prison. The Mystery Begins Bose suddenly disappeared in the beginning of 1941 and it was not until many days that authorities realized Bose was not inside the house they were guarding! He traveled by foot, car and train and resurfaced in Kabul (now in Afghanistan), only to disappear once again. In November 1941, his broadcast from German radio sent shock waves among the British and electrified the Indian masses who realized that their leader was working on a master plan to free their motherland. It also gave fresh confidence to the revolutionaries in India who were challenging the British in many ways. The Axis powers (mainly Germany) assured Bose military and other help to fight the British. Japan by this time had grown into another strong world power, occupying key colonies of Dutch, French, and British colonies in Asia. Bose had struck alliance with Germany and Japan. He rightly felt that his presence in the East would help his countrymen in freedom struggle and second phase of his saga began. It is told that he was last seen on land near Keil canal in Germany, in the beginning of 1943. A most hazardous journey was undertaken by him under water, covering thousands of miles, crossing enemy territories. He was in the Atlantic, the Middle East, Madagascar and the Indian ocean. Battles were being fought over land, in the air and there were mines in the sea. At one stage he traveled 400 miles in a rubber dinghy to reach a Japanese submarine, which took him to Tokyo. He was warmly received in Japan and was declared the head of the Indian army, which consisted of about 40,000 soldiers from Singapore and other eastern regions. Bose called it the Indian National Army (INA) and a government by the name Azad Hind Government was declared on the 21st of October 1943. INA freed the Andaman and Nicobar islands from the British, and were renamed as Swaraj and Shaheed islands. The Government started functioning. Leader of Masses and the Military  Bose in INA Uniform 1943 Early Success and Tragic End Bose wanted to free India from the Eastern front. He had taken care that Japanese interference was not present from any angle. Army leadership, administration and communications were managed only by Indians. Subhash Brigade, Azad Brigade and Gandhi Brigade were formed. INA marched through Burma and occupied Coxtown on the Indian Border. A touching scene ensued when the solders entered their free motherland. Some lay down and kissed, some placed pieces of mother earth on their heads, others wept. They were now inside of India and were determined to drive out the British! Delhi Chalo (Lets march to Delhi) was the war cry. The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki changed the history of mankind. Japan had to surrender. Bose was in Singapore at that time and decided to go to Tokyo for his next course of action. Unfortunately, the plane he boarded crashed near Taipei and he died in the hospital of severe burns. He was just 48. The Indian people were so much enamored of Boses oratory and leadership qualities, fealressness and mysterious adventures, that he had become a legend. They refused to believe that he died in the plane crash. The famous Red Fort trial wherein Boses generals and the INA officers were tried, became landmark events. Initially, the British Government thought of a court-martial, but there was a countrywide protest against any kind of punishment. For common Indians, Axis and Allied powers hardly mattered, but they could not tolerate punishment of fellow countrymen who were fighting for freedom. The British Government was in no position to face open rebellion or mutiny and a general amnesty for INA soldiers was declared. While Boses approach to Indian freedom continues to generate heated debate in the Indian society today, there is no denying of his burning patriotism, his tireless efforts to free India from inside and outside and his reckless adventures in trying to reach his goals. His exploits later became a legend due to the many stories carried by the disbanded INA soldiers who came from every nook and corner of our great country. Had he lived, Subhas Chandra Bose could have given a new turn to Independent Indias political history. But he lives on eternally in the Indian mind, more famous after his death.

catcher in the rye glass menagerie Essay -- essays research papers

The Catcher in the Rye and The Glass Menagerie The person someone becomes is influenced by the losses they have experienced in their life. In Catcher in the Rye the main character Holden Caulfield is devastated by the loss of his younger brother Allie to leukemia. The loss of Allie never leaves Holden’s mind. It changes his perception of the world. In The Glass Menagerie Amanda Wingfield’s husband abandons her and their two children Tom and Laura. For Amanda the only way to deal with the loss is to escape into a dream world. She forces this delusion onto Tom and Laura Loss of anything a loved one, a friend or a cherished possession can affect the way a person feels. Loss can change a person’s reactions or attitude toward something. This may cause the person to change the way they live their life or the decisions they make. Loss leaves an impression on a person.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Holden Caulfield is tormented by Allie’s death. The night Allie died Holden slept in the garage and broke all the windows with his fists. This was the only way Holden could deal with the loss of Allie. Allie becomes the model of the ideal person for Holden. Throughout Catcher in the Rye whenever Holden talks about Allie it’s what a great person he was. He describes Allie as extremely intelligent, someone you would have liked and as someone that never got angry. Everyone Holden meets or sees he compares them to this image of Allie but almost no one meets the standards. As Holden is eating breakfast in a diner he sees two nuns come in and helps them with their suitcases. He thinks nothing of them until he notices that their suitcases seem inexpensive. Holden talks about how he hates it when someone has cheap suitcases and how he can just get to hate someone for having them. Holden never gets over Allie’s death. It causes him to become restless. He is searching for something to replace the gap in his life that Allie left. He looked up to Allie. Whenever Holden finds something that can replace Allie he discovers flaws about it. Holden feels that if he finds something he is betraying Allie. He never truly finds something to fill the void. When Phoebe asks Holden to name something he likes a lot he can’t think of anything besides Allie. Phoebe says Allie doesn't really count because he’s dead. Holden argues â€Å"I can still like him, though, can’t I? Just because somebody’s dea... ...inessman. She blames her husband for her children’s bad qualities. When Tom stays out late or smokes Amanda says â€Å"you got it from you father†. Holden and Amanda were both traumatized by the loss they experienced. Holden’s view of the world changes because of Allie’s death. In Holden’s mind no one will ever live up to Allie. Holden can’t see good in the world anymore. There is something wrong with everything when matched up against Allie. Even though this is true Holden is on an endless quest to find something that can replace Allie. The loss of Allie causes Holden to feel only something negative can result from change. The loss of her husband throws Amanda into a fantasy world. She will not accept that she should be anything other than the southern lady she was brought up to be, that Laura is peculiar or that Tom is not a budding businessman, and that she herself might be in some ways responsible for the sorrows and flaws of her children. Loss affects people in different ways. It can tear them apart or make them stronger. For both Holden and Amanda loss forces them to struggle with their emotions in an attempt to find ways of dealing with the loss.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

4. Discussion and Analysis About the Link Between Business Intelligence and Web Analytics for Argos

COURSEWORK BRIEF This coursework is worth 60% of the total module marks available for this module. This is an individual piece of work. You have been asked to review and propose a course of action for a large online retailer (www. argos. co. uk) as an independent web analytics consultant. Your review should include an overview of the site, stating where and what web analytics techniques and tools you could use. Indicating the rationale for this and how it could be used to understand visitors' behaviour, clickstream, and how to improve the website's success, performance and business decision making.You should also include in your overview, a discussion about how Argos's business intelligence can be linked to its web analytics data, providing a case for this based on academic theory. This coursework should take the form of a REPORT and should be no longer than 2500 words, excluding executive summary, tables, diagrams and references. It is expected that you provide academic support for your proposed solutions, discussions analysis and recommendations. MARKING CRITERIA The marking criteria are the things that marks will be awarded against.They should not be seen as the structure of the report nor expected headings of your report. †¢ Executive summary ; introduction – 10% †¢ Analysis of the ARGOS Web site – 20% †¢ Discussion and analysis about the link between business intelligence and Web analytics for ARGOS – 20% †¢ Making recommendations/suggestions for the appropriate use of Web analytics tools in order to understand the visitors’ behaviour, improve the Web site usage and business performance – 30% †¢ Conclusions – 10% †¢ Choice of references properly cited within the work – 10%

William Shakespeare s The Taming Of The Shrew - 1180 Words

William Shakespeare s ‘The Taming of the Shrew’ is a controversial comedy that has more than 1 interpretation. The 2 prominent interpretations is that it a misogynistic play or that it is a love story about a man liberating a woman. This play has been adapted into any movies the 2 that were studied were ‘The Taming of the Shrew’, produced in 1967 and ‘10 Things I Hate About You’, made in 1999. Upon viewing these 2 movies I found that ‘The Taming of the Shrew’ had a great deal of misogyny throughout the plot. However, I found ‘10 Things I Hate About You’ was portrayed as a love story and because of this I thought I was, until I thought about the fact that someone was paid to take her out was a nasty thing to do. So as a result of this I†¦show more content†¦He then uses the technique for training birds of prey, to train her to obey him. Finally at Bianca’s wedding Kate gives a speech about being a good wi fe and obey their husbands. I found this movie misogynistic, Katerina was wild and shrewish, however that is no valid reason to physiologically abuse her. I took this as Shakespeare has created a character that tests society s boundaries and challenges the people s beliefs, but she is then forced to marry and she is ‘tamed’. In a way Shakespeare is sending a message that if a woman challenges society they will end up the same as all of the other woman, obedient and a business deal. This may be ok in the Elizabethan era but in today’s society this is unacceptable it’s basically domestic violence. For this reason I believe Petruchio’s behavior is horrible. He abused her for a game. In the end when Katerina gives a speech to the crowd shows that she has succumb to the ‘falconry’. ‘10 Things I Hate About You’ is a modernised adaptation explores a teenage ‘shrew’ life and the modernised world of dating and trying to ‘fit in’. Kat, the independent 18 year old with an attitude, refuses to ‘follow the crowd’. Bianca, her younger sister, however, is popular and wants to date. Their father is an obstetrician and he is afraid that is they date they will get pregnant and their life will be ruined. As Kat is against dating, their dad decides